Solucion impotencia

A growing global movement to apologize and make restitution to victims of human rights abuses is now gathering steam in the United States, but it wont be a first for the country, says the president of The Western History Association.

“In reviewing the history of reconciliation in the American West, Ive found three examples of government restitution where we acknowledge weve participated in human rights abuses and offered either an apology, restitution, reparation or all three,” says Sherry Smith, associate director of the Clements Center for Southwest Studies at SMU and an SMU history professor.

The state of Montana granted posthumous pardons to Germans and Austrians convicted and imprisoned under repressive sedition laws during World War I; the U.S. government paid reparations to the heirs of Japanese Americans relocated to incarceration camps during World War II; and in a landmark nativelands case, Arizona returned 6,000 acres to the Hualapai tribe in the 1940s and the U.S. government set up the Indian Claims Commission.

“These are tiny steps considering the magnitude of the problem. But they helped turn the corner of deep injustice,” Smith says. “Its never too late to do the right thing.”

The global move toward reparations and restitution has largely evolved since World War II, beginning with Germany after the Holocaust, Smith says. Since then other nations and some private corporations have apologized or offered reparations to reconcile the past.

Increasingly, governments are responding to victims rights groups that are demanding reconciliation and restitution for slavery, war crimes and other institutionalized abuse. Most recently, the U.S. Senate in June passed a resolution apologizing for slavery although it didnt offer any monetary reparation.

“The United States is in the beginning stages of this movement,” says Smith, noting that historians have been a critical part of the process as they collect victims testimony and verify abuses through documentation.

“To the extent reconciliation includes chronicling and teaching the sometimes troubled past, historians are central to that,” says Smith.

While Smith isnt drawing moral or ethical conclusions, she did say “the work that historians do can have social justice implications. We need to tell the stories of abuse and keep retelling them as part of the reconciliation process. But victims also need more than words. They want acts, too.”

Smith will address “Reconciliation and Restitution in the American West” at the Western History Associations annual conference in October in Denver. More than 900 association members from museums, universities and government agencies attend the conference.

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Kim Cobb
Southern Methodist University

While most women experience minor pain during menstruation, for others, the pain can be severe enough to interfere with everyday activities and require medication. New research to be presented at the 2009 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS) Annual Meeting and Exposition will reveal initial findings of safety surrounding a new device that may more effectively treat menstrual pain.

“The goal of our study was to find a better way to treat menstrual cramps,” said Giovanni M. Pauletti, Ph.D., associate professor at the University of Cincinnati and the studys presenter as well as past chair of AAPS National Biotechnology Conference Planning Committee. “Existing oral medications cause significant gastrointestinal side effects for women, creating additional discomfort while alleviating menstrual pain. Results from our Phase I clinical trials show that this new vaginal device safely delivers at least 10times more drug to the uterus as a tablet of equivalent dose.”

The study, which was sponsored by UMD, Inc., a Cincinnati drug delivery company, and conducted at Womens Health Research, Inc. involved 18 study participants, aged 1845 years with menstrual cycles between 2530 days. During the midfollicular phase of the first menstrual cycle (days 711), nine study participants received an oral dose of 10 mg of ketorolac (Toradol®), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication; while nine women received a tampon coated with 10 mg of ketorolac. During the second menstrual cycle, each subject received the opposite treatment. The results of the study demonstrated that the medication administered vaginally does not cause significant side effects but accumulates more efficiently in the desired uterine tissue than using the oral medication.

“While still early in our research, this study shows promising results which may help pave the way for new treatment options for women,” said Pauletti. “Phase II clinical trials will study efficacy of the treatment to assess whether the drug concentration is effective in reducing pain.”

Over 8,500 individuals from the field of pharmaceutical research are expected to attend the 2009 AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition, which will be held Nov. 812 at the Los Angeles Convention Center. During the meeting, scientists from around the world will have the opportunity to present new research, methods and technologies as they relate to the field of pharmaceutical sciences.

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Jennifer Bender

The conference, Adventure therapy as an emerging approach towards a profession, is hosted by the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and will take place from 711 September 2009 at Pollock Halls, The University of Edinburgh.

Adventure therapy involves the combination of physically and psychologically demanding activities. It is also known as nature therapy, outdoor therapy and ecotherapy.

Topics to be covered at the event include the role of adventure therapy in preventing family and educational disconnection, its impact on improving body image in women, its use in the treatment of eating disorders and its place in the management of ADHD.

The conference keynotes reflect the wide range of international perspectives, and aim to facilitate debate and development in adventure therapy provisions across the world. They include

Exploring what makes the difference in adventure therapy practice Paddy Pawson (New Zealand)
Why we all need outdoor and naturebased therapy climate change, valueschange and consumerism Dr Kate Rawles (UK)
Devoured by a mountain lion original nature and the social ecology of adventure therapy Julian Norris (Canada)

A public lecture will be given by leading practitioners in the field Professor Dene Berman and Professor Jennifer DavisBerman (USA). Their presentation Meeting the mental health needs of children and adolescents the role of adventure therapy will take place at 7.30pm on Wednesday 9 September.

The conference is being held in association with the Institute for Outdoor Learning and the Association for Experiential Education. Further information about the event can be found at bacp.co.uk/5iatc.

The European Unions REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemical) legislation is intended as a comprehensive safety evaluation for commercial chemicals used in consumer products that are traded in Europe at amounts more than one ton per year. However, implementation of the regulation may require 54 million research animals and €9.5 billion ($13.4 billion) over the next 10 years, which represents 20 times the number of animals and six times the cost anticipated in previous estimates, according to an analysis led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Currently, the EU uses approximately 900,000 animals at a cost of €600 million ($847 million) per year to evaluate new chemicals, drugs, pesticides and food additives. A commentary on the research is published in the August 26 edition of Nature. The full analysis will appear the same day as an electronic prepublication of the September 2009 edition of the journal ALTEX, Alternatives to Animal Experimentation.

“As a toxicologist, I support the aims of REACH it is the biggest investment into consumer safety ever,” said study author, Thomas Hartung, MD, PhD, DoerenkampZbinden Professor and Chair for Evidencebased Toxicology and director of the Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. “However, I am concerned that we have underestimated the scale of the challenge. Investment into developing alternative research methods to meet REACH goals is urgently needed.”

According to Hartung and coauthor Constanza Rovida, estimates for the number of chemicals to be covered by REACH range from 68,000 to 101,000, which is higher than the earlier estimate of 29,000 chemicals. The analysis was based on the conservative estimate of 68,000 registered chemicals. Results showed that 90 percent of the projected animal use and 70 percent of the projected cost would come from research into reproductive toxicity testing. This often requires that data be collected from two species of test animals and their offspring. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations do not include twospecies provisions.

“A revision of test approaches especially for reproductive toxicity is essential. There is no alternative to REACH, but there will be no REACH without alternatives,” said Hartung.

Further discussions of REACH and alternative testing methods will be addressed at the 7th World Congress on Alternatives & Animal Use in the Life Sciences held in Rome, Italy, August 30 to September 3. The meeting is cochaired by Hartung.

Funding for the research was provided by the Transatlantic Think Tank for Toxicology.

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Tim Parsons

Health care leaders focused on changing their organizations approach to patient safety and quality will have an opportunity to learn from their peers at The Joint Commission and Joint Commission Resources “2009 Annual Conference on Quality and Patient Safety Explore, Enhance, and Energize Leadership for the Future.” The conference, September 14 to 16, in Rosemont, Ill., is supported by the American Hospital Association, the American Medical Association and the American College of Physicians. Joint Commission Resources (JCR) is a notforprofit affiliate of The Joint Commission.

For the first time, the conference will feature four simultaneous education tracks led by presenters who have firsthand experience with the issues they are discussing. The presenters were chosen based upon their abstract submissions. The education tracks are Leadership, Patient/Family Centered Care, Quality/Patient Safety, and Process Improvement.

This conference is oriented towards patient safety officers, hospital administrators, quality improvement professionals and board leaders. At the conference, attendees will receive takehome tools including many of the forms, flowcharts, reading lists and other resources needed to launch a quality improvement project.

This years keynote speaker is Robert M. Wachter, M.D., professor and associate chairman, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Wachter will speak about the efforts to prevent medical mistakes and what is working and not working a decade after the Institute of Medicines report on medical error “To Err is Human Building a Safer Health System.”

Attendees will also have the opportunity to hear from Mark R. Chassin, M.D., M.P.P., M.P.H., president, The Joint Commission, and Ann Scott Blouin, Ph.D., R.N., executive vice president, Division of Accreditation and Certification Operations, The Joint Commission.

Jeffrey C. Bauer, Ph.D., partner, Management Consulting Future Practice, ACS Healthcare Solutions, a medical economist and health futurist, will provide a multifaceted overview of technology and explore how each type of technology can be optimally used to produce desired levels of improvement in health care. Bauer will also present specific guidelines for ensuring quality in an efficient and effective manner, and will introduce policy prescriptions for successful reform of health care delivery systems that are consistent with national goals.

The conference will be held at the Donald E. Stephens Convention Center, Rosemont, Ill. This years conference will also offer for the first time an exhibit hall for networking and further educational opportunities. Accommodations will be at the Hyatt Regency OHare. Continuing education credit hours are offered.

The conference is $995 per person or $849 for registration 30 days prior to the conference. A discounted rate of $829 per person is offered for teams of three or more. To register, please call JCR Customer Service at 1.877.223.6866. The registration code is 09065. Additional details and a conference agenda also are available online here.

BioAlliance Pharma SA (ParisBIO), a company dedicated to therapies and supportive care for cancer and AIDS patients, announced its scientific communications at upcoming international conferences on infectious diseases and oncology

Loramyc®, indicated for fungal infections in immunecompromised patients with HIV or cancer

The 2009 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting

May 29 to June 2, 2009 Orlando, Florida, USA.

Abstract “Prevalence and management of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) by medical and radiation oncologists in cancer patients”.

At the American Conference for the Treatment of HIV (ACTHIV) that took place on May 1517, 2009 in Denver, Colorado, USA, BioAlliance Pharma presented the poster “OnceDaily Miconazole Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablet is an Effective and Safe Treatment for Oropharyngeal Candidiasis”.

Amep™, a biotherapy for Metastatic Melanoma treatment

American Society of Gene Therapy (ASGT) 12th Annual Meeting

May 2730, 2009 San Diego, California, USA

Poster “Complete Melanoma Regressions after Electrotransfer of the pAMEP™ Plasmid Coding for an AntiAngiogenic and AntiMetastatic Peptide”, May 28.

Antiintegrases new antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of resistant HIV1

XVIII International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop

June 913, 2009 Fort Myers, Florida, USA

Oral communication and poster “New integrase binding inhibitors acting in synergy with Raltegravir”, June 12.

Irinotecan SRN oral formulation for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer

2nd Pharmaceutical Sciences Fair and Exhibition (PharmSciFair)

June 812, 2009, Nice, France

Oral communication “Sustained Release Nanoparticles (SRN) for oral administration of Irinotecan”, June 10.

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